Tampa Bay Birthday Welcome to the future of event planning! Tampa Bay Birthday, The Event Planning Specialists, brings to the community of Tampa a new breath of air in the event planning market. By combining old fashioned values, Tampa Bay Birthday will lead the market, providing the same quality results, every time. Tampa Bay Birthday is an equal opportunity business making its expertise and its partners available to help its customers plan their own events. Through affordable products and services, Tampa Bay Birthday aims to be the number one resource for any event. In an ever changing, fast-paced world, success is determined by good choices for lasting effects. Communication is essential. Tampa Bay Birthday strives to be the best choice of clients by helping to ease their event planning burden. Through consistent, predictable professionalism, Tampa Bay Birthday will ensure a worry and hassle-free event at a reasonable price. Our keys to success include the commitment to quality by every person who is part of the team. Each of us will be responsible to push ourselves to a higher level of professionalism. Wedding Cake Tampa Bay Caterer in Tampa Bay Florida Tampa Wedding Cakes birthday cake, custom design cakes, Tampa Bay Wedding Cake, special occasion cakes, party planning, wedding planning, birthday party, birthday parties, Tampa Bay cakes, Easter cakes, surprise parties, birthday party planning, baby shower, wedding shower, bridal shower, cake topper, cookies, cupcakes, desserts, appetizers, Birthday Cakes, Cupcakes, Wedding Cake, Baby Shower Cakes, Cookies Photo Cake, Desserts Catering, Cookies Ice Cream, Party Platters, Catering Cake, Tops Accessories Bakers Bakeries Owners and their beloved pets ... this is what makes our world go around. We are aware that there are many photographic studios, at either end of the spectrum that will consider photographing a pet. 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The vision manifests itself in three ways:  Produce the same outstanding quality results time after time.  Be recognized as the top pet photographer in the area. Be steadfast to our commitment for customer service and satisfaction. Our keys to success will be providing high quality portraits, and excellent customer service as our hallmark. I Shoot Pets Pet Photography is currently located in Tampa, Florida. The company is established as a home-operated, full-time corporation. We offer a full range of custom portrait packages. Portrait sittings are available in either the studio, the comfort of the client's home, or in an outdoor setting. The photographer has many years of photography experience, photographing People, Pets and Products since 1989. I Shoot Pets Pet Photography's competitive edge is its commitment to customer service and satisfaction. We offer an array of services, flexible scheduling, and have the latest technology to produce beautiful photographic portraits. At I Shoot Pets Pet Photography, we understand pets and how to get the right elements together for a successful portrait session. We are patient, and our number-one goal is quality results. The company will offer a wide variety of products, such as: formal studio portraits, location portrait sessions, holiday candid photographs, portrait finishes, and framing. Tampa Odessa Apollo Beach Balm Bearss Plaza Brandon Carrollwood Dover Durant Gibsonton Lithia Lutz Mango Northdale Plant City Riverview Ruskin Seffner Sun City Center Sydney Temple Terrace Thonotosassa Valrico Wimauma Ybor City Westchase Florida Your source for home, office and construction photography services in the Tampa Bay area and beyond. Specializing in residential architectural photography for architects, interior designers, home builders, kitchen and bath design and remodeling firms, property management firms, construction companies, developers, marketing firms, etc...  Let our photographer assist you in capturing images for your brochures, business cards, posters, etc… I Shoot Models is your source for professional Headshots and Product photography. We have the capability to photograph you or your products in the studio or on location such as the corporate office. We are located in the Tampa Bay area, but are available for travel for your photographic needs. We can photograph your corporate event, headshots, products, and deliver high resolution images on a compact disc for you to use in your corporate brochures. I Shoot Cars photography is your source for your automotive photography needs. We can photograph your automotive products for your web site, brochures or personal use. We can photograph your Hot Rod and create a professional layout of your photographs that are not just snapshots. Let us photograph your car club gatherings so you can enjoy your self while we capture the event. Tampa Odessa Apollo Beach Balm Bearss Plaza Brandon Carrollwood Dover Durant Gibsonton Lithia Lutz Mango Northdale Plant City Riverview Ruskin Seffner Sun City Center Sydney Temple Terrace Thonotosassa Valrico Wimauma Ybor City Westchase Bay Pines Belleair Belleair Beach Belleair Bluffs Clearwater Clearwater Beach Crystal Beach Dunedin Gulfport Indian Rocks Beach Indian Shores Kenneth City Largo Madeira Beach North Redington Beach Oldsmar Ozona Palm Harbor Pinellas Park Redington Beach Safety Harbor Saint Pete Beach Saint Petersburg Seminole South Pasadena Sunset Point Tarpon Springs Tierra Verde Treasure Island Sell Your Photos Online at PicProofs.Com United Kingdom photographers click here.
INTRODUCTION Marriage, social institution uniting men and women in special forms of mutual dependence, often for the purpose of founding and maintaining families. In view of the necessity for children to undergo a long period of development before attaining maturity, the care of children during their years of relative helplessness appears to have been the chief incentive for the evolution of the family structure. Marriage as a contract between a man and a woman has existed since ancient times. As a social practice, entered into through a public act, it reflects the purposes, character, and customs of the society in which it is found.
I CUSTOMS Although marriage customs vary greatly from one culture to another, the importance of the institution is universally acknowledged. In some societies, community interest in the children, in the bonds between families, and in the ownership of property established by a marriage are such that special devices and customs are created to protect these values. Infant betrothal or marriage, prevalent in places such as India and Melanesia, is a result of concern for family, caste, and property alliances. Levirate, the custom by which a man might marry the wife of his deceased brother, was practiced chiefly by the ancient Hebrews, and designed to continue a family connection that was already established. Sororate, a custom still practiced in remote parts of the world, permits a man to marry one or more of his wife's sisters, usually if she has died or cannot have children. Monogamy, the union of one man and one woman, is the prototype of human marriage and its most widely accepted form, predominating also in societies in which other forms of marriage are accepted. All other forms of marriage are generally classed under polygamy, which includes both polygamy, in which one man has several wives, and polyandry, in which one woman has several husbands. Under Islamic laws, one man may legally have as many as four wives, all of whom are entitled to equal treatment. polygamy was practiced briefly in the United States during the 19th century by the Mormons in Utah. The incidence of polyandry is limited to Central Asia, southern India, and Sri Lanka in communities where, usually, the traditional practice of female infanticide resulted in a shortage of women. Frequently polygamy or polyandry involves a man or woman marrying two or more siblings. polygamy sometimes results in the maintenance of separate households for each wife, although more frequently the shared-household system is employed, as with Muslims and among many Native American tribes before the colonization of North America. RITUAL In most societies, marriage is established through a contractual procedure, generally with some sort of religious sanction. In Western societies the contract of marriage is often regarded as a religious sacrament, and it is indissoluble only in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox church. Most marriages are preceded by a betrothal period, during which various rituals, such as exchanges of gifts and visits, lead to the final wedding ceremony and make the claims of the partners public. In societies where arranged marriages still predominate, families must negotiate dowries, future living arrangements, and other important matters before marriage can be arranged. Most wedding ceremonies involve rituals and symbolism that reflect the desire for fertility, such as the sprinkling of the bridal couple with rice, the bride's adornment with orange blossoms, and the circling of the sacred fire, which is part of the marriage ritual in Hinduism. Because marriage arouses apprehension as well as joy, Hindus, Buddhists, and many other communities consult astrologers before and after marriages are arranged to avoid unlucky times and places. In some societies fear of hostile spirits leads bridal couples to wear disguises at their weddings or sometimes even to send substitutes to the ceremony. In some countries, including Ethiopia, it was long customary to place an armed guard by the bridal couple during the wedding ceremony to protect them from demons.
The breaking of family or community ties implicit in most marriages is often expressed through gifts made to the family of the bride, as among many Native American, African, and Melanesian tribes. The new bonds between the married couple are frequently represented, as in the United States and many other countries, by an exchange of rings or the joining of hands. Finally, the interest of the community is expressed in many ways, through feasting and dancing, the presence of witnesses, and the official sealing of marriage documents.
SOCIAL REGULATION The taboos and restrictions imposed on marriage throughout history have been many and complex. Endogamy, for example, limits marriage to partners who are members of the same tribe or the same section of a tribe, to adherents of the same religion, or to members of the same social class. Fear of incest is a universal restriction to the freedom of marriage, although definitions of incest have varied greatly throughout history. In most cases, the prohibition extends to mother and son, father and daughter, and all offspring of the same parents. Among certain groups, such as ancient Egyptian royalty, marriages between brothers and sisters were decreed by the prevailing religion. In many societies, taboos are broadened to include marriages between uncles and nieces, aunts and nephews, first cousins, and, occasionally, second cousins. Exogamy, or marriage outside a specific group, usually involves the separation of a tribe into two groups, within which intermarriage is not allowed. Practiced by Native Americans and some other groups, it is believed to be an extension of taboos against incest to include much larger groups of people who may be related to one another. The traditional importance of marriage can be observed in the customs surrounding widows and widowers, such as waiting times prescribed before remarriage, the wearing of mourning clothes, and the performance of ceremonial duties owed to the dead. The most extreme custom, abolished by law in India in 1829, was that of suttee, in which Hinduism required that a widow sacrifice herself on her husband's funeral pyre. TERMINATION OF CONTRACT Most societies have allowed for some form of divorce, except those dominated by religions such as Hinduism and Roman Catholicism that regard marriage as indissoluble. The most frequently accepted grounds for divorce have been infertility, infidelity, criminality, and insanity. Among some Hindus, an unsatisfactory wife can be replaced by another but cannot be divorced. In some tribal societies divorce is uncommon, mainly because it generally requires the repayment of dowries and other monetary and material exchanges dating from the time of the wedding. MODERN MARRIAGE Because the family unit provides the framework for most human social activity, and since it is the foundation on which social organization is based in most cultures, marriage is closely tied to economics, law, and religion. The institution of marriage has altered fundamentally in Western societies as a result of social changes brought about by the Reformation, the Industrial Revolution, and a growing ideology of individualism. The rise of a strong middle class and the growth of democracy gradually brought tolerance for romantic marriages based on free choice. Arranged marriages, which had been accepted almost everywhere throughout history, eventually ceased to predominate in Western societies, although they continued to persist as the norm in aristocratic society to the mid-20th century. One of the most extreme applications of the custom of arranged marriages was in pre-Revolutionary China, where a bride and groom often met for the first time only on their wedding day. Among the social changes that have affected marriage in modern times are the increase in premarital sex brought on by the relaxation of sexual taboos and the gradual rise in the average marriage age; the increase in the number of women pursuing careers outside the home, which has led to the changed economic status of women; and the liberalization of divorce laws, including the legalization of divorce for the first time in Italy in 1970. Also significant have been the legalization of abortion, the improvement and increased accessibility of contraceptives, the removal of legal and social handicaps for children of unmarried people, and changes in the accepted concepts of male and female roles in society.
Common-law marriages usually are those that have acquired legal status through a certain number of years of continuous cohabitation. Such marriages are recognized in some states of the United States. Requirements for marriage vary from state to state. The legal age for marriage with parental consent ranges from 12 for women and 14 for men in some states to 16 for women and 18 for men in others. The required age for marriage without parental consent varies from 16 to 21 for women to 18 to 21 for men. A blood test for syphilis is now required by most states, and many states require a waiting period of one to five days between the issuing of the marriage license and the wedding ceremony. Bigamy and polygamy are prohibited in all states, and many states prohibit marriage between first cousins. In most states it is required that the marriage be formalized before a minister of religion, or before a qualified public official in a ceremony usually referred to as a civil marriage, and in all states a marriage certificate must be registered with the civil authorities. Husband and Wife, in law, relationship between a man and woman established by the marriage contract and resulting in the creation of certain rights and obligations between the spouses. A valid marriage is a special type of contract that can be terminated only in a court of law through divorce or annulment. In the U.S. today the legal status of husband and wife is regulated by state law and varies among the states. Although marriage requirements such as age and permissible degree of relationship differ, each state generally will recognize a marriage validly contracted in another state. A wife traditionally takes the husband's surname, but this is not required by law. In the early 19th century the legal existence of the wife was suspended during marriage; that is, the husband and wife were deemed to be one person-the husband. Enactment of the Married Women's Property Acts in the mid-19th century, as well as later reforms, provided a wife with legal rights from which she was previously barred, including the right to own property, dispose of her property in a will, sue or be sued, sign a contract in her own name, and execute a deed. A 1979 Supreme Court decision determined that both spouses have an equal obligation to support the other. Nevertheless, the old law, under which the husband had a duty to support his wife, sometimes dictates the results of disputes on this question because often he is still the primary breadwinner. Such support generally extends to "necessaries," a term that will differ depending on prior family circumstances and standards of living. This obligation to support may be enforced under civil and criminal law. In case of death, most states require that a spouse receive a specified share in the deceased's estate.
In legal proceedings spouses are permitted to testify against each other, except in criminal cases or when testimony will disclose a confidential communication arising from the marital relationship. Many states now allow suits between spouses. Generally spouses are not liable for each other's torts. A husband has not been recognized as having a right to consent to a wife's abortion. In criminal actions, marital rape has been prosecuted in some states.